35 Prior to rumors of the acquisition, Intuit’s stock traded at 40 3/4. John Eckhouse, Icon Microsoft Buys Intuit to have $step 1.5 Million, San Francisco Chronicle, Oct. 14, 1994, at A1, A19. 336 Microsoft shares at the closing. Id. Based on Microsoft’s January 3, 1995 closing price of 60 3/16, each Intuit share receives over $80.
36 Find Brian Livingston, Undocumented Screen Calls, InfoWorld, Nov. 16, 199″2, at 98 (Ex. 19); Doug Barney and Ilan Greenberg, ISVs Moisten Microsoft Furor to have OLE, InfoWorld, July 18, 1994, at 1.
38 Microsoft has made several presentations inside the nation that especially make this section and written records from the demonstrations might have been wanted to the Justice Institution.
39 For a more thorough discussion, see Miles B. Keyhoe, , HP Professional, Aug. 1994, at 40 (Ex. 17). See also Microsoft Corporation, Windowpanes NT and you may Consumer-Server Measuring, May 1993.
42 «Installed base» in the economic literature «means the number of owners of a good who may be dependent on the manufacturer of the good for the provision of complementary goods.» Joseph Katten, Markets Electricity from the Presence regarding an equipped Base, 62 Antitrust L.J. 1, 4 (1993).
43 Joseph Farrell and Garth Saloner, Hung Legs and you will Being compatible: Advancement, Tool Pre-Notices, and Predation, Amer. Econ. Rev., Dec. 1986, at 940; Janusz A. Ordover and Garth Saloner, Predation, Monopolization, and you can Antitrust, in Guide off Industrial Team 537, 565 (R. C. Schmalensee and R. Willis eds., 1989).
46 Pick, e.grams., Paul A. David, Clio and Economics from QWERTY, Amer. Econ. Rev., May 1985, at 332; David A. Harvey, Transform required – Now!, Byte, Oct. 1, 1991, at 119.
48 Joer. Econ. Rev., Dec. 1986, supra, at 942; Jean Tirole, The idea out-of Commercial Business at 405, n.40 (1988)
Ergonomic Items Have chosen to take a backseat so you’re able to Overall performance, Leading to an ever-increasing Wave away from Pc-Related Wounds
51 For the theoretical literature see, for example, the recent Symposium on the Community Externalities in the Journal of Economic Perspectives, Spring 1994, the Symposium towards the Being compatible, edited by Richard Gilbert in the http://www.datingranking.net/mobifriends-review Journal of Industrial Economics, March 1992, and the survey by Paul David and Shane Greenstein in the Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1990. For an application to telecommunications, see Stanley Besen and Garth Saloner, The Economics out-of Telecommunications Standards, in Modifying the principles: Technical Alter, Globally Competition, and you may Control for the-Interaction 177 (1989); for applications to broadcasting, see Stanley Besen and Leland Johnson, Compatibility Requirements, Race, and Development in the Sending out Community (1986); for applications to ATMs, see Garth Saloner and Andrea Shepard, forthcoming in the Rand Journal of Economics, and Steven Salop, Deregulating Self-Controlled Mutual Automatic teller machine Companies, Econ. of Innov. and New Tech., 1990; and for computers, see Garth Saloner, Econ. Innov. New Tech., 1990, supra.
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52 This «network effect» has been described by numerous authors. In a recent Symposium in the Journal of Economic Perspectives, Michael Katz and Carl Shapiro write, «Consequently, as has long been recognized, the demand for a network good is a function of both its price, and the expected size of the network.» See also Jeffrey Rohlfs, A theory away from Interdependent Demand for a communications Services, Bell J. of Econ., Spring 1974, for an early reference, as well as Michael Katz and Carl Shapiro, Circle Externalities, Competition, and you can Being compatible, Amer. Econ. Rev., er. Econ. Rev., Dec. 1986, supra: and other papers cited in Michael If, am and Carl Shapiro, Solutions Race and you may System Consequences, J. of Econ. Perspectives, Spring 1994.
53 See Julio J. Rotemberg and Garth Saloner, Interfirm Race and you may Cooperation, Strategic Options, 1991, for an example of the power of network size.